Displayed by permission of The Regents of the University of California. In 1921 the League of Nations established the Committee on the Traffic in Women and Children, and in 1949 the United Nations General Assembly adopted a convention for the suppression of prostitution.Ī look at how computer coding is being used to combat sex trafficking. International cooperation to end the traffic in women for the purpose of prostitution began in 1899. Antiprostitution campaigns flourished from the 1860s, often in association with temperance and women’s suffrage movements.
Also influential was a new religious-based moralism in Protestant countries. With the rise of feminism, many came to regard male libertinism as a threat to women’s status and physical health.
In the late 19th century a variety of changes in Western societies revived efforts to suppress prostitution. Sporadic attempts were made to suppress brothels and even to introduce medical inspections, but such measures were to little avail. Just as significant was the dramatic upsurge of sexually transmitted diseases. Stricter controls were imposed during the 16th century, in part because of the new sexual morality that accompanied the Protestant Reformation and the Counter-Reformation. Walters Art Museum, Baltimore, Maryland accession no. At Toulouse, in France, the profits were shared between the city and the university in England, bordellos were originally licensed by the bishops of Winchester and subsequently by Parliament.īrothel, oil on panel by Joachim Beuckelaer, 1562 in the Walters Art Museum, Baltimore, Maryland. Public brothels were established in large cities throughout Europe. Nevertheless, prostitution flourished: it was not merely tolerated but also protected, licensed, and regulated by law, and it constituted a considerable source of public revenue. In Europe during the Middle Ages, church leaders attempted to rehabilitate penitent prostitutes and fund their dowries. Among the ordinances laid down by Moses to regulate public health were several dealing with sexually transmitted diseases. Hebrew law did not forbid prostitution but confined the practice to foreign women. The ancient Greeks and Romans mandated that prostitutes wear distinctive dress and pay severe taxes. In some cultures, prostitution has been required of young girls as a rite of puberty or as a means of acquiring a dowry, and some religions have required prostitution of a certain class of priestesses. Few societies have exercised the same severity toward clients indeed, in many societies, clients suffer few if any legal repercussions. In some societies, prostitutes have been viewed as members of a recognized profession in others they have been shunned, reviled, and punished with stoning, imprisonment, and death. Perceptions of prostitution are based on culturally determined values that differ between societies. Prostitutes may be female or male or transgender, and prostitution may entail heterosexual or homosexual activity, but historically most prostitutes have been women and most clients men. Prostitution, the practice of engaging in relatively indiscriminate sexual activity, in general with someone who is not a spouse or a friend, in exchange for immediate payment in money or other valuables. SpaceNext50 Britannica presents SpaceNext50, From the race to the Moon to space stewardship, we explore a wide range of subjects that feed our curiosity about space!.Learn about the major environmental problems facing our planet and what can be done about them! Saving Earth Britannica Presents Earth’s To-Do List for the 21st Century.Britannica Beyond We’ve created a new place where questions are at the center of learning.100 Women Britannica celebrates the centennial of the Nineteenth Amendment, highlighting suffragists and history-making politicians.
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